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- Economy
-
- Overview: The economy is largely dependent on the agricultural
- sector, which employs 50% of the labor force and provides
- about half of export revenues. The principal commercial
- crop is sugarcane, followed by coffee, cocoa, and tobacco.
- Industry is based on the processing of agricultural products,
- durable consumer goods, minerals, and chemicals. Rapid growth
- of free trade zones has established a significant expansion
- of manufacturing for export, especially wearing apparel.
- Over the past decade tourism has also increased in importance
- and is a significant earner of foreign exchange and a source
- of new jobs. Unemployment is officially reported at about
- 25%, but underemployment may be much higher.
-
- GDP: $5.1 billion, per capita $790; real growth rate 0.5% (1988).
-
- Inflation rate (consumer prices): 57.6% (1988).
-
- Unemployment rate: 25% (1988).
-
- Budget: revenues $413 million; expenditures $522 million,
- including capital expenditures of $218 million (1988).
-
- Exports: $711 million (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--sugar,
- coffee, cocoa, gold, ferronickel; partners--US, including
- Puerto Rico, 74%.
-
- Imports: $1.8 billion (c.i.f., 1988); commodities--foodstuffs,
- petroleum, cotton and fabrics, chemicals and pharmaceuticals;
- partners--US, including Puerto Rico, 37% (1985).
-
- External debt: $3.6 billion (1989) est.
-
- Industrial production: growth rate 30% (1987 est.).
-
- Electricity: 1,376,000 kW capacity; 4,000 million kWh produced,
- 560 kWh per capita (1989).
-
- Industries: tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold
- mining, textiles, cement, tobacco.
-
- Agriculture: accounts for 18% of GDP and employs 49% of
- labor force; sugarcane most important commercial crop, followed
- by coffee, cotton, and cocoa; food crops--rice, beans, potatoes,
- corn, bananas; animal output--cattle, hogs, dairy products,
- meat, eggs; not self-sufficient in food.
-
- Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $1.1 billion;
- Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
- (1970-87), $529 million.
-
- Currency: Dominican peso (plural--pesos); 1 Dominican peso
- (RD$) = 100 centavos.
-
- Exchange rates: Dominican pesos per US$1--6.3400 (January
- 1990), 6.3400 (1989), 6.1125 (1988), 3.8448 (1987), 2.9043
- (1986), 3.1126 (1985).
-
- Fiscal year: calendar year.
-